einschließlich

including, inclusive of

preposition eyen-SHLEES-likh Rare

Usage Note

Einschließlich (abbrev. einschl.) governs genitive and is standard in lists, invoices, and formal texts: einschließlich der Umsatzsteuer. Slightly more formal than inklusive, and interchangeable with it in most cases.

Examples

"Alle Mitarbeiter, einschließlich der Auszubildenden, wurden eingeladen."

Natural Translation

All employees, including the trainees, were invited.

Literal Translation

All employees, including of-the trainees, were invited.

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